| Urdu Term (Roman Urdu) | English Equivalent | Definition |
| گواہی (guaahi) | Testimony | The statement of a witness under oath in court. |
| حقِ دفاع (haq-e-difaa) | Right to Defense | The right of an accused person to be represented by a lawyer and present evidence in their defense. |
| پیشگی ضمانت (peshgi zamaanat) | Anticipatory Bail | Bail granted before an arrest is made. |
| جرمِ قابل ضمان (jurm-e-qabil-zamaan) | Bailable Offense | An offense for which bail can be granted. |
| جرمِ غیر قابل ضمان (jurm-e-ghair-qabil-zamaan) | Non-Bailable Offense | An offense for which bail cannot be granted. |
| سزا معطَل کرنا (saza muttal karna) | Sentence Suspension | The temporary postponement of a sentence. |
| سزا معاف کرنا (saza maaf karna) | Sentence Remission | The reduction or complete cancellation of a sentence. |
| سزا کم کرنا (saza kam karna) | Sentence Commutation | The reduction of a sentence to a less severe one. |
| مُرافعہ عامہ (murafaa-e-aamma) | Public Prosecutor | A lawyer who represents the state in criminal cases. |
| فوجداری مقدمہ (foujdari muqaddama) | Criminal Case | A case involving an offense against the state, punishable by law. |
| دیوانی مقدمہ (diwani muqaddama) | Civil Case | A case involving a dispute between individuals or entities. |
| ثالثی (salisi) | Arbitration | The settlement of a dispute by a neutral third party. |
| مصلحت (muslihaat) | Reconciliation | The settlement of a dispute outside of court. |
| حکم امتناعی (hukm-e-imtinaai) | Injunction | A court order restraining someone from doing something. |
| حق رائے دہی (haq-e-ray-dehi) | Right to Vote | The legal right to participate in an election. |
| مُندرجاتِ جرم (mundarajaat-e-jurm) | Criminal Contents | Evidence incriminating someone in a crime. |
| تخفیفِ سزا (takhfif-e-saza) | Mitigation of Sentence | The presentation of factors justifying a less severe punishment. |
| عدالتی فیصلہ (adalti faisla) | Court Judgment | The formal decision of a court in a case. |
| ضمانتی اِخطار (zamani ikhtar) | Surety Notice | A notice issued to a surety informing them about their obligations. |
| جُرم ثابت کرنا (jurm thabet karna) | Proving Guilt | Establishing that someone committed a crime beyond a reasonable doubt. |
| بریت(Bariat) | Acquittal | A court decision finding someone not guilty of a crime. |
| مُقدمہ چلانا (muqaddama chalana) | Prosecution | The legal process of bringing charges against someone and presenting evidence in court. |
| جُرم پیشگی (jurm-e-peshgi) | Conspiracy | An agreement to commit a crime. |
| گواہِ عدالت (guah-e-adalat) | Court Witness | A person who testifies in court about what they saw, heard, or know about a case. |
| ضمانتی سِکْیورِٹی (zamani security) | Bail Security | The financial guarantee provided by a surety for the accused's appearance in court. |
| مُقدمہ ختم کرنا (muqaddama khatam karna) | Dismissal of Case | The decision of a court to end a case before a final judgment. |
| مُدتِ سماعت (muddat-e-samaat) | Hearing Date | The date scheduled for a court hearing. |
| قَسم کھانا (qasam khana) | Taking an Oath | A solemn declaration that a statement is true. |
| حُضور عدالت (huzoor-e-adalat) | Courtroom | The room where court proceedings take place. |
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Legal Terms